How Do You Properly Lay Subway Tile in a Shower?

AvatarByColleen Barnes Shower Routine & Lifestyle

Laying subway tile in a shower is a timeless way to elevate your bathroom’s style while adding durability and water resistance. Known for its clean lines and classic appeal, subway tile has remained a favorite choice among homeowners and designers alike. Whether you’re renovating an old shower or building a new one, mastering the art of installing subway tile can transform your space into a sleek, modern retreat.

The process of laying subway tile in a shower involves more than just placing tiles on the wall. It requires careful planning, precise measurements, and attention to detail to ensure a flawless finish that stands up to moisture and daily use. From selecting the right materials to understanding the best layout patterns, there are several key factors that influence both the aesthetics and longevity of your tiled shower.

As you explore how to lay subway tile in your shower, you’ll discover tips and techniques that make the project approachable, even for DIY enthusiasts. With the right guidance, you can achieve a professional-looking result that enhances your bathroom’s value and charm. Get ready to dive into the essentials of subway tile installation and unlock the secrets to creating a stunning shower space.

Preparing the Shower Wall for Subway Tile Installation

Before laying subway tile in a shower, the surface must be properly prepared to ensure long-lasting adhesion and prevent water damage. Start by removing any old tiles, wallpaper, or loose paint from the wall. The substrate should be clean, dry, and structurally sound.

Use a cement backer board or a waterproof membrane over the studs or drywall to create a moisture-resistant base. Cement backer boards are preferred because they are water-resistant and provide a stable surface for tile adhesion. If using drywall, it must be a special moisture-resistant type designed for wet areas, but this is less ideal.

Ensure the shower walls are flat and smooth. Fill any holes or cracks with an appropriate patching compound and sand the surface to eliminate any high spots. Check for levelness using a spirit level or laser level, especially on the horizontal lines where tile rows will be laid. Proper leveling prevents uneven grout lines and tiles.

Finally, apply a waterproofing membrane or liquid waterproof barrier over the cement board. This extra layer protects the wall from moisture infiltration, which is critical in wet environments like showers. Allow the waterproofing to cure fully according to the manufacturer’s instructions before proceeding.

Tools and Materials Needed for Subway Tile Installation

Having the right tools and materials on hand is essential for a smooth subway tile installation. Below is a list of commonly required items:

  • Subway tiles (ceramic, porcelain, or glass)
  • Cement backer board or waterproof substrate
  • Thinset mortar (modified thinset recommended for showers)
  • Notched trowel (usually 1/4 inch by 1/4 inch)
  • Tile spacers (typically 1/8 inch for subway tile)
  • Tile cutter or wet saw
  • Level and straight edge
  • Rubber grout float
  • Grout (sanded or unsanded depending on joint width)
  • Bucket and sponge for cleaning
  • Measuring tape and pencil
  • Mixing paddle and drill for thinset and grout
  • Protective gloves and safety glasses
Item Purpose Recommended Type
Thinset Mortar Adhesive for tiles Modified thinset for wet areas
Tile Spacers Maintain even grout joints 1/8 inch for subway tiles
Grout Fill gaps between tiles Sanded for >1/8 inch joints; unsanded for ≤1/8 inch
Notched Trowel Evenly spread thinset 1/4 inch by 1/4 inch square notch

Planning the Layout and Starting Point

Careful planning of the tile layout is crucial to achieve an aesthetically pleasing and professional finish. Begin by measuring the dimensions of each shower wall and calculating how many tiles will fit across and vertically, taking grout joint spacing into account.

Mark a level horizontal reference line across the wall approximately one or two tiles up from the bottom. This line will serve as your starting point, ensuring the first row is perfectly straight. Starting too close to the floor can lead to uneven cuts; beginning slightly above allows for more precise adjustment.

Determine the layout pattern, typically a traditional running bond (brick) pattern for subway tiles, where each row is offset by half a tile. Dry-lay a few rows of tiles on the floor to visualize the pattern and check for awkward cuts at edges or corners.

Adjust the starting point if necessary to avoid small tile slivers at corners or around fixtures. Centering tiles on feature walls or shower niches can improve visual balance. Use a pencil to mark tile positions on the wall lightly.

Applying Thinset and Setting Subway Tiles

Mix the thinset mortar according to the manufacturer’s instructions, aiming for a peanut butter-like consistency. Only mix enough thinset that can be used within 30 minutes to prevent drying out.

Using the notched trowel, spread a thin, even layer of thinset onto a small section of the wall, combing it with the notched edge to create ridges. Hold the trowel at a 45-degree angle for optimal coverage. Avoid applying thinset to a large area at once to prevent premature drying.

Press each subway tile firmly into the thinset, slightly twisting it to ensure good adhesion. Use tile spacers between tiles to maintain consistent grout lines, typically 1/8 inch for subway tile. Check alignment with a level frequently and adjust as necessary.

For the running bond pattern, begin the first row with a full tile, then offset subsequent rows by half a tile. Cut tiles to fit at edges or around fixtures using a tile cutter or wet saw. Always wear safety gear when cutting tiles.

Allow the thinset to cure for 24 hours or as recommended before grouting.

Grouting and Finishing the Subway Tile Installation

Once the thinset has fully cured, remove tile spacers and prepare the grout. Choose sanded or unsanded grout based on the joint width (unsanded for joints less than 1/8 inch, sanded for wider).

Mix grout to a smooth, lump-free consistency. Using a rubber grout float, apply grout diagonally across the tiles to force it into the joints. Work

Preparing the Shower Surface for Subway Tile Installation

Proper preparation of the shower surface is crucial to ensure a durable and professional finish when laying subway tile. The surface must be clean, flat, and waterproof to prevent moisture damage and tile adhesion issues.

Begin by inspecting the existing substrate, which is typically cement backer board or waterproof drywall. Confirm that the surface is structurally sound, free of cracks, and securely fastened to the framing. Remove any old tile, adhesive residues, or loose materials using a scraper or sanding block.

Next, perform the following steps to prepare the substrate:

  • Waterproofing: Apply a liquid waterproof membrane or install a waterproofing sheet membrane specifically designed for wet areas. Ensure full coverage, especially around corners, seams, and niches.
  • Cleaning: Remove dust and debris using a vacuum or damp cloth. A clean surface enhances mortar adhesion.
  • Flatness Check: Use a straightedge to check for unevenness exceeding 1/8 inch over 10 feet. Fill any low spots with a suitable patching compound and sand smooth once dry.
  • Marking Reference Lines: Establish horizontal and vertical layout lines using a level and chalk line. These lines will guide tile placement and maintain a straight, consistent pattern.

Selecting and Preparing Materials for Subway Tile Installation

Using the right materials and preparing them correctly ensures a seamless subway tile installation that withstands moisture and daily wear.

Material Purpose Preparation Tips
Subway Tiles Primary finish for shower walls Sort tiles by color and size to ensure uniformity; soak natural stone tiles if applicable.
Thinset Mortar Adhesive for securing tiles to the substrate Choose a polymer-modified thinset suitable for wet areas; mix to a smooth, creamy consistency following manufacturer instructions.
Tile Spacers Maintain consistent grout joint spacing Select spacers that match desired grout width, typically 1/16″ to 1/8″ for subway tiles.
Grout Fill joints between tiles Use a waterproof, mold-resistant grout; pre-mix as directed and keep covered to prevent drying.
Sealer Protect grout and tiles from moisture and stains Apply after grout curing; choose a penetrating sealer compatible with tile type.

Applying Thinset and Setting Subway Tiles

Achieving a uniform and secure tile installation begins with correct thinset application and tile placement.

Follow these expert steps:

  • Mix Thinset: Prepare thinset mortar in small batches to maintain workability. Mix until smooth and free of lumps.
  • Apply Thinset: Using a notched trowel (typically 1/4″ x 3/8″ V-notch for subway tile), spread thinset evenly on the substrate. Hold the trowel at a consistent angle to create ridges that improve adhesion.
  • Back Butter Tiles (Optional): For better bonding, apply a thin layer of thinset to the back of each tile before setting it on the wall.
  • Place Tiles: Start at the center or a reference line near the bottom of the shower wall and press tiles firmly into the thinset. Twist slightly to ensure full contact and even coverage.
  • Use Spacers: Insert tile spacers at all corners to maintain consistent grout lines and alignment.
  • Check Level and Alignment: Frequently verify tiles are level and plumb using a spirit level. Adjust as necessary before thinset skins over.
  • Cut Tiles as Needed: Use a wet saw or tile cutter to trim tiles to fit edges, corners, or around fixtures.

Grouting and Sealing Subway Tile in Shower

Proper grouting and sealing finalize the tile installation, enhancing durability and aesthetics.

Allow the thinset to cure for 24 to 48 hours before grouting to ensure tiles are firmly set. When ready, follow these steps:

  • Mix Grout: Prepare grout according to the manufacturer’s instructions to a smooth, peanut butter-like consistency.
  • Apply Grout: Using a rubber grout float, spread grout diagonally across the tile joints to fully fill gaps. Work in small sections to prevent premature drying.
  • Remove Excess Grout: Hold the float at a 45-degree angle and scrape off excess grout from tile surfaces.
  • Initial Cleaning: After grout begins to set (usually 10-20 minutes), wipe tiles with a damp sponge using circular motions to remove grout haze without pulling grout out of joints.
  • Final Cleaning: Once grout is fully cured (typically 72 hours), polish tiles

    Expert Guidance on How To Lay Subway Tile In Shower

    Jessica Martinez (Certified Tile Installer and Founder of Precision Tiling Solutions). When laying subway tile in a shower, it is crucial to start with a properly waterproofed substrate to prevent moisture damage. I recommend using a cement backer board combined with a waterproof membrane before beginning tile installation. Additionally, maintaining consistent grout lines and using a high-quality, mold-resistant grout will ensure longevity and a professional finish.

    David Chen (Interior Designer Specializing in Bathroom Renovations). Achieving a flawless subway tile layout in a shower requires careful planning of the tile pattern and alignment. Begin by measuring and marking a level reference line at the midpoint of the wall to avoid awkward cuts at the edges. Using spacers consistently helps maintain uniform grout joints, and sealing the grout after curing protects against stains and mildew, which is essential in wet environments.

    Linda Foster (Architect and Bathroom Design Consultant). The key to successfully installing subway tile in a shower lies in attention to detail during preparation and installation. Ensure that all surfaces are clean, flat, and dry before applying thin-set mortar. I advise selecting a high-quality mortar suited for wet areas and pressing tiles firmly to avoid air pockets. Proper curing time and careful grout application complete the process, resulting in a durable and visually appealing shower wall.

    Frequently Asked Questions (FAQs)

    What tools are essential for laying subway tile in a shower?
    You will need a notched trowel, tile spacers, a tile cutter or wet saw, a level, a rubber grout float, a sponge, and a tape measure to ensure precise and efficient installation.

    How should the shower walls be prepared before tiling?
    Walls must be clean, dry, and smooth. Install a waterproof backer board such as cement board or a waterproof membrane to prevent moisture damage.

    What is the best adhesive to use for subway tile in a shower?
    Use a high-quality, waterproof thin-set mortar designed for wet areas to ensure strong adhesion and durability.

    How do you ensure the subway tiles are evenly spaced and level?
    Use tile spacers between tiles and frequently check alignment with a level during installation to maintain consistent spacing and a straight layout.

    When should grout be applied after laying subway tile?
    Allow the thin-set mortar to cure for 24 to 48 hours before applying grout to ensure the tiles are firmly set and prevent shifting.

    What type of grout is recommended for shower subway tiles?
    Use a waterproof, mold-resistant grout, preferably an epoxy or a high-quality cement-based grout sealed properly to withstand moisture and prevent staining.
    laying subway tile in a shower requires careful planning, precise preparation, and attention to detail to achieve a professional and durable finish. Key steps include properly measuring the space, selecting the right type of tile and adhesive, preparing the shower walls by ensuring they are clean, dry, and smooth, and using a level and spacers to maintain consistent grout lines. Applying the tiles with the correct technique, allowing adequate drying time, and finishing with high-quality grout and sealant are essential to prevent water damage and ensure longevity.

    Successful installation also depends on understanding the layout and pattern that best suits the shower space, such as the classic horizontal brick pattern or more creative arrangements. Cutting tiles accurately around fixtures and edges is crucial for a polished look. Additionally, using waterproof backer boards and appropriate waterproofing membranes behind the tile enhances the shower’s resistance to moisture and mold growth.

    Ultimately, patience and precision throughout the process will result in a visually appealing and functional subway tile shower that can withstand the test of time. Whether undertaking the project as a DIY endeavor or hiring a professional, adhering to these best practices ensures a high-quality installation that adds value and style to any bathroom.

    Author Profile

    Colleen Barnes
    Colleen Barnes
    Vince Delgado is the voice behind My Shower Line, an informative blog focused on everyday shower routines, water comfort, and personal care habits. Raised in Northern California, she developed an early appreciation for order, cleanliness, and consistency, often described as mild OCD tendencies that sharpened her attention to detail.

    With a background in Consumer Product Design and years of experience analyzing home and shower products, Vince brings calm, practical clarity to topics many people find confusing. Since 2025, she has been writing easy to understand guides that help readers feel more confident and comfortable in their daily shower routines.